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     Oscar Wild was one of the gifted poets and play wrights in the history of English literature obviously he dominated it since the middle of 19th century in England. He was born in Dublin in 1854. His father was an eye-surgeon. Francesca Elgee was his mother. Wilde was a protestant. He was famous for his behavior and style in public life. He severely jolted victorian narrow-mindedness. His education was started in his native land. He continued his study at Trinity college and later he went to Magdalene Oxford for higher study.

     The year 1882 was a remarkable period for Wilde. He gave a year lecture tour throughout the USA. During this period he traveled all over Europe and met a lot of new people and made them friends. When he came back to London, he married Costance Lloyd. He had two sons from her. Oscar Wilde belongs to the Victorian age. In fact this period is famous for a lot of innovations in every field. Not to ask about culture, politics and economic of the period there was a dramatic improvement in science and technology. The period shows a lot of modern ideas and inventions. This period is also famous for the works of Drawin, Marx and other important authors and thinkers.

     In the field of literature the works of Oscar Wilde are remarkable. They embody the period called "decadence" or "aestheticism" . It was a kind of literary movement and resembled the Italian "estisaono" or "decatentisno". He thought that nothing in literature could be treated as the mere principle of art for art's sake.

    With regard to the aesthetic movement it can be said that it has made invaluable contribution to English literature. Obviously, it was born in France but heavily created a deep impact on England. As a result, it created a kind of literature in England which severely reflected on the theme of beauty, Oscar Wilde has contributed some remarkable works to this period.

    'Revenna,' a beautiful poem helped the contemporary literary world recognize his prodigious talent and fetch him the New deligate prize for the same work. He completed 'patience' and published it in 1881. After two years he had published the play, "the Duchess of Padna." Among his other famous works, "The Picture of Dorian Gray" published in 1980 is considered to be the most controversial in English literature. In this book he has attacked the hypocrisy of England  In the present novel, the Canterville Ghost, Wilde excellently compares modernity to ancient thought, dogmatism to rationalism. In this connection we can also count "THE HAPPY PRINCE" and "THE SELFISH GIANT" written by him as the other important works which have left a deep impact on the leaders. Obviously  he has enriched English literature in various ways and his name will never go into the world of oblivion.

     Wilde, certainly, lived a royal life. His arrival in America had stirred the whale nation with his flamboyant personality. He always wore silk stocking and long flowing hair which gave the people the impression of a general air of wittiness, sophistication and eccentricity. He had persented himself on the world stage as a man of style. He rather tried to prove that style is the man.

    Oscar Wilde breathed his last on 30 November, 1900. 

8. EDVARDA KARDLJA KNJIZNICA UNIVERZA V LJUBLJANI -

Edward Kardelja University Library, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Founded in 1595
Origin - Books from the Jesuit College in Ljubljana.

9. NACIONALNA i SVEUCILISNA KNJIZNICA -

Zagreb National and University Library, Zagreb, Croatia.

Founded in 1606.
Origin - Library collections established by Jesuits.

10.. HELSINGIN YLIOPISTO KIRJASTO -

National Library of Finland, Helsinki, Finland.

Founded in 1640.
Origin - Founded in Turku when Finland was part of Sweden. 

11. DET KONGELIGIE BIBLIOTEK - 

National Library of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Founded in 1653.
Origin - Founded by King Frederik III

12. KUNGLIGA BIBLIOTEKET -

National Library of Sweden, Stockholm.
Founded on 1661
Origin - Personal collection of King Gustavus I of Sweden.

13. STAATSBIBLIOTHEK ZU BERLIN. PREUSSISCHER KULTURBESITZ

14. NATIONAL LIBRARY OF SCOTLAND - 

15. BIBLIOTECA NACIONAL DE COLOMBIA -

1. NARODNI KNIHOVNA CESKE REPUBLIKY-

National Library of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic. 

Founded in 1366.
Origins - Books donated by King Charles IV

2. OSTERREICHISCHE NATIONALBIBLIOTHEK -

National Library of Austria, Vienna, Austria

Founded in 1368.
Origin - Royal collection of Albrecht III, Archduke of Austria.

3. BIBLIOTECA NAZIONALE MARCIANA -

Marciana National Library, Venice, Italy.

Founded in 1468.
Origin - Personal collection of Cardinal Bessarione

4. BIBLIOTHEQUE NATIONALE DE FRANCE -

National Library of France, Paris, France.

Founded in 1480.

Origin - Royal Library of Louis XI

5. BIBLIOTEKA NAZZJONALI TA' MALTA - 

National Library of Malta -

Valetta, Malta.

Founded in 1555.
Origin - Collection of the knights of the Order of St John Jerusalem. 

6. BAYERICSCHE STAATSBIBLIOTHEK -

Bavarian State Library,Munich, Germany.

Founded in 1558.

Origin - Court library of Albrecht V, Duke of Bavaria.

7. BIBLIOTHEQUE ROYALE ALBERT 1ER -

National Library of Belgium, Brussels, Belgium.

Founded in 1559.
Origin - Collection of Manuscripts of the Duke of Burgundy.

CONTINUED IN;-

"LIBRARIES" - OLDEST IN THE WORLD 2

• The oldest book in the world dates from 2,500 years ago. It is six pages of gold, hinged together at the top and written in ancient ETRUSCAN - a language no one can read today.
• The most expensive book ever sold at auctions is the CODEX LEICESTER - the manuscript Renaissance genius LEONARDO DA VINCE. It was bought by Microsoft founder Bill Gates for US $ 30.8 million in 1994.
• A copy of James Audubon's BIRD'S OF AMERICA sold for $ 8.8 million in 2000, making it the world's most expensive printed books.

DO BOOKS HAVE A FUTURE?

     Some people have suggested that the INTERNET threatens the long-term survival of books, as more and more works can be downloaded. But books still have many advantages : they are more easily read than a screen, are good to handle, and can be taken almost anywhere.

THE FIRST PRINTED BIBLE

• The Chinese invented printing. The World's oldest printed book is a copy of the DIAMOND SUTRA - one of Buddhism's most sacred texts - which was printed in China in 868 BCE.
• Printing didn't take off in China, though, because the Chinese script has thousands of different characters.
• Johann Gutenberg of Germany came up with the idea of the "printing press" in about 1450.
• The printing press could produce books quickly and in multiple copies - a technological breakthrough that has been compared to the invention of the internet. 
• The first book printed was the BIBLE.

• ENID BLYTON - AUTHOR OF NODDY & FAMOUS FIVE
• DR. SEUSS- AUTHOR OF THE CAT IN THE HAT
• J.K.ROWLING- AUTHOR OF HARRY POTTER
• R.L.STINE- AUTHOR OF GOOSEBUMPS
• C.S.LEWIS- AUTHOR OF THE CHRONICLES OF NARNIA
• J.R.R.TOLKEIN- AUTHOR OF THE HOBBIT
• BEATRIX POTTER- 
• RICHARD SCARRY- AUTHOR OF BEST WORLD BOOK EVER
• ROALD DAHL- AUTHOR OF CHARLIE AND THE CHOCLATE FACTORY
• ROGER HARGREAVES- AUTHOR OF MR MEN & LITTLE MISS.

• The best-selling book of all time is the BIBLE, followed by the collected works of Chinese communist leader MAO ZEDONG.
• The world's best-selling novel is thought to be Charles Dickens's TALE OF TWO CITIES.
• The best-selling book in French is LE PETIT PRINCE (THE LITTLE PRINCE) by Antoine de Saint-Exupery.
• The best-selling practical book is SCOUTING FOR BOYS by Robert Baden-Powell, founder of the international scout movement.

• MANGA are highly popular Japanese comic books, or graphic novels.
• MANGA is a huge business in Japan worth about US $ 4.4 billion.
• MANGA is not just for sci-fi and fantasy geeks - you'll see businessmen, schoolchildren, and housewives reading manga books on all kinds of subjects from sports and historical fiction to romance and cookery.
• Animated game and movie versions of manga stories have boosted their popularity around the world. 
• Comic books in France and Belgium are known as BANDES DESSINEES (BDs).

• Books come in two types i) FACT BOOKS- that tell you about real things, like this encyclopedia, ii) FICTION BOOKS - which are made-up stories, or novels.
• What is an ISBN?  An International Standard Book Number - a 13 - digit number that is printed at the front of every book to show where it was published.
• The Nobel Prize for Literature, founded in 1901,  is given for outstanding work in the field of literature in any language. Moody French philosopher Jean-Paul Sartre is the only person known to have declined it.
• With NANOTECHNOLOGY (engineering on a molecular scale) you can create books smaller than a grain of salt. A book called TEENY TED from TURNIP TOWN made in 2007 at Simon Fraser University, Canada, measures 0.07 x 0.1 mm. The only way to read it is with an electron microscope at 8,000 times magnification.

1. HARRY POTTER , by J.K. ROWING - 7 = 450,000,000

2.GOOSEBUMPS, by R.L.STINE - 62 + spin off series = 350,000,000

3.PERRY MASON, by ERLE STANLEY GARDNER - 82 = 300,000,000

4.BERENSTAIN BEARS , by STAN & JAN BERENSTAIN - 260,000,000

5.THE RAILWAY SERIES , by REV. W. AWDRY  & CHRISTOPHER AWDRY - 41 = 200,000,000

5.NODDY , by  ENID BLYTON - 24 = 200,000,000

7.THE BABY-SITTERS CLUB , by ANN MARTIN - 335 = 172,000,000

8.PETER RABBIT , by BEATRIX POTTER - 6 = 150,000,000

9.CHICKEN SOUP FOR THE SOUL , by JACK CRANFIELD  MARK VICTOR HANSEN - 105 = 130,000,000

10.FRANK MERIWELL, by GILBERT PATTEN - 209 = 125,000,000